Create System Routine

When to use this skill

Use this skill when the user wants to create or manage time-based routines (scheduled tasks) at the OS level (e.g., running a shell script, a binary, or a specific command).

• Linux → use cron (crontab -e, system/user crontabs)
• macOS → use launchd (LaunchAgents / LaunchDaemons with plist files)
• Windows → this skill should not create routines; instead, explain that Windows Task Scheduler must be configured manually.

Workflow

1. Detect the operating system

   Use standard OS detection via shell commands:

   uname_s=$(uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
   case "$uname_s" in
     Linux)   os=linux ;;
     Darwin)  os=macos ;;
     MINGW*|MSYS*|CYGWIN*|Windows_NT) os=windows ;;
     *)       os=unknown ;;
   esac
   

   • If os=linux → follow the Linux / cron workflow.
   • If os=macos → follow the macOS / launchd workflow.
   • If os=windows or os=unknown → explain that this skill does not create routines on this OS and suggest Windows Task Scheduler or another platform-specific mechanism.

2. Gather routine parameters from the user (questionnaire if needed)

   Do not create the cron entry or plist until you have enough information. If the user's request is vague (e.g. "schedule something", "run a script daily") or missing any of the items below, guide them through a short questionnaire instead of guessing.

   You have enough info when you know:

   • Command or script to run (absolute path preferred). If they only have a relative path or "a script", ask for the full path or help them resolve it.
   • Schedule: When should it run?
     • For Linux: cron expression (e.g. 0 8 * * *)
     • For macOS: time components for StartCalendarInterval (e.g. Hour=8, Minute=0)
   • Behavior if the machine is off/asleep at the scheduled time: Explain that neither cron nor launchd will run while the machine is off; offer "run at scheduled time and on boot/login" if they want catch-up.

   How to run the questionnaire:

   • Ask one or a few questions at a time; don't dump a long list.
   • If they said "daily" or "every hour", convert to cron/launchd and confirm.
   • Once you have command/script and schedule (and optionally catch-up behavior), proceed to create the routine.

3. Linux / cron workflow (os=linux)

   1. Validate tools:

      Check for crontab availability:

      command -v crontab >/dev/null 2>&1
      

      If missing, explain that cron is not available and suggest systemd timers or another scheduler; this skill does not configure those directly.

   2. Prepare the cron entry:

      Build a cron line like:

      "<CRON_SCHEDULE> <COMMAND> # created-by-jazz-create-routines"
      

      Use absolute paths for both the command and any scripts. If environment variables are needed, recommend wrapping logic in a shell script and calling that script from cron.

   3. Install the cron entry (user crontab):

      Safely append the new entry to the user's crontab:

      tmp_cron=$(mktemp)
      crontab -l 2>/dev/null >"$tmp_cron" || true
      printf '%s\n' "<CRON_LINE>" >>"$tmp_cron"
      crontab "$tmp_cron"
      rm -f "$tmp_cron"
      

      • Preserve existing cron entries.
      • Tag the entry with a comment so it can be identified/removed later.

   4. (Optional) Boot or login catch-up:

      For "run at 8am or next boot" semantics, instruct the user to:

      • Create a small script that records a last-run timestamp and only runs once per day after a given time.
      • Add both a time-based cron (e.g. 0 8 * * *) and an @reboot cron entry that call the same script.

4. macOS / launchd workflow (os=macos)

   1. Choose target: LaunchAgent vs LaunchDaemon:

      • Prefer LaunchAgent for user-level routines:
        • Location: ~/Library/LaunchAgents
        • Runs in the context of the logged-in user.
      • Use LaunchDaemon only for system-wide services (not typical for personal routines).

   2. Create LaunchAgents directory if needed:

      Ensure ~/Library/LaunchAgents exists before writing plist files.

   3. Define a unique label:

      Use a reverse-DNS-style label, e.g. com.jazz.create-routines.<name>.

   4. Write a plist file

      Create a plist at:

      ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.jazz.create-routines.<name>.plist
      

      Example template:

      <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
      <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
      <plist version="1.0">
        <dict>
          <key>Label</key>
          <string>com.jazz.create-routines.<name></string>
      
          <key>ProgramArguments</key>
          <array>
            <string>/bin/zsh</string>
            <string>-lc</string>
            <string>/absolute/path/to/script.sh</string>
          </array>
      
          <key>StartCalendarInterval</key>
          <dict>
            <key>Hour</key>
            <integer>8</integer>
            <key>Minute</key>
            <integer>0</integer>
          </dict>
      
          <!-- Optional: run when the agent is loaded (e.g. on login) -->
          <key>RunAtLoad</key>
          <true/>
        </dict>
      </plist>
      

      Notes:

      • Use absolute paths.
      • If you need environment variables or PATH modifications, do them inside the script.

   5. Load (or reload) the LaunchAgent

      launchctl unload ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.jazz.create-routines.<name>.plist 2>/dev/null || true
      launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.jazz.create-routines.<name>.plist
      

   6. Explain off/asleep behavior

      Clarify that:

      • If the Mac is off or fully asleep at the scheduled time, launchd will not run the job at that moment.
      • For "run at 8am or next login" behavior, combine StartCalendarInterval with RunAtLoad and implement a small guard in the script that only runs once per day after a certain time.

5. Windows / unsupported workflow (os=windows or os=unknown)

   • Do not attempt to create or modify tasks.
   • Respond with clear guidance:
     • Explain that this skill does not manage Windows Task Scheduler.
     • Suggest the user configure a task manually in Task Scheduler or use another tool.

6. Removal / update of routines

   When the user wants to remove or update routines created by this skill:

   • Linux (cron):

     • Read the current crontab: crontab -l.
     • Filter out or edit lines with # created-by-jazz-create-routines.
     • Write back the modified crontab.

   • macOS (launchd):

     • Unload the LaunchAgent via launchctl unload.
     • Edit or remove the corresponding plist file under ~/Library/LaunchAgents.

   Always explain what will be changed and keep backups where practical (e.g. copy old crontab to a temp file) before destructive edits.